FA学霸笔记-Chapter 1

Chapter 1 Introduction To Financial Accounting

1. Definition of financial accounting

1) Recording

2) Summarizing FS

· SOPL损益表(一段时间内的公司业绩表现)

· SOFP资产负债表(任意时点下的公司财务状况)

4.Users of financial information

1) Management

了解公司所有的信息,主要是MA

2) Shareholders

关注企业dividends能力

3) Trade payables应付账款/suppliers-Creditor

关注企业短期偿债能力(60天)

4) Trade receivables应收账款/customers-Debtor

关注企业持续经营能力

5) Lenders金融机构

关注长期(本金),和短期(利润)偿债能力

6) Employees

关注stability和profitability

7) Government and their agencies

关注税务等等

8) General public

了解就职,污染环境,与自身利益有关的

5.Governance

责任人:manager

1) IFRS

2) Internal control

3) Prevention and detection of fraud

6.Contents of financial statements

1) Statement of financial position/SOFP(balance sheet)

2) Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income /SOPL

3) Statement of changes in equity /SOCIE(Only for Co.)

4) Statement of cash flows/ SOCF

5) Notes

7. The element of the financial statement

1) Assets

Ÿ Current assets

Intention turning them into cash within the next 12 months(期末往后12个月)

Ÿ Non-current assets

2) Liabilities

Ÿ Current liabilities:12个月内要偿还的

Ÿ Non-current liabilities:12个月外要偿还的

3) Capital

• Drawings(由owner拿走的,并且为了personal use)