ACCA PM重要知识点Divisional responsibility accounting 中Investment center？

大家都知道，ACCA 考试的科目多，每科都有比较多的考点内容。大纲对每科内容的要求是不一样的，学员若是想要有好的成绩还要掌握ACCA重难点的学习。ACCA PM重要知识点Divisional responsibility accounting 中Investment center？

Division has costs and revenue

manager does have the authority

to in new assets or dispose of existing ones：ROI,RI

与收入，成本，Non-current

asset,working capital有关

Return on investment(ROI)=（Controllable profit÷Capital employed） x100%

1) Controllable profit: before tax.如果考试中没有，那用相近的值也可.

2) Capital employed=Total Assets-Current Liability=Equity+Non-current liability如果考试中没有，也可使用Net asset来替代，Non-current assets可以用cost记，net replacement cost或net book value.

3)

①Advantage：

a) Widely used and acceptable.

b)实现comparisons between divisions/companies of different sizes.

②Disadvantage：

a)导致功能歧视性 dysfunctional decision making.

b)随age of the asset if NBV are used，来提高ROI(譬如折扣方式的改变，CE降低）

c)导致manipulation of figures to improve results(警如扩大生产规模来降低成本）

d)如果两个公司 have different accounting policies，那么不能用ROI来比较业绩

e) Focuses on the short-term performance

注意：ROI适用于同一公司的部门：ROCE适用于公司整体情况！

Dysfunctional decision making.举例：公司有2个项目ROIC

注意：计算时，还要考虑Cost of capital for the company，才能*终决定是否接受项目.

Residual income(RI)=controllable divisional profit-notional interest on capital

.Controllable division profit=Capital employed(same as ROI)

这里的名义利息有时也称imputedinterest，就是Costofcapitalforthecompany.